What is Mulching?

Mulching is the process of covering the soil surface around plants with a layer of material to:

• Conserve moisture
• Suppress weeds
• Regulate soil temperature
• Improve soil fertility

Types of Mulch

1. Organic Mulch

Made from natural materials that decompose over time:

• Dry leaves
• Grass clippings
• Straw or hay
• Compost
• Wood chips or bark
• Banana leaves or maize stalks (common in Kenya)

2. Inorganic Mulch

Does not decompose and is often used for long-term coverage:

• Plastic sheets (polyethylene)
• Gravel or stones
• Geotextiles

Benefits of Mulching

✅ Water Conservation

• Reduces evaporation from the soil surface.
• Keeps soil moist longer, especially important in dry areas.

✅ Weed Control

• Blocks sunlight, preventing weed growth.
• Reduces competition for nutrients and water.

✅ Soil Temperature Regulation

• Keeps soil cooler during hot days and warmer during cold nights.
• Protects plant roots from extreme temperatures.

✅ Improved Soil Fertility

• Organic mulch decomposes, adding nutrients to the soil.
• Encourages beneficial microbial activity.

✅ Erosion Control

• Protects soil from being washed away by rain or blown by wind.

✅ Enhanced Crop Health

• Reduces splash of soil-borne diseases onto plant leaves.
• Creates a cleaner growing environment.